Gambling is the risking of money or something of value on a random event that has some chance of occurring, with the intent of winning some other value. The elements of gambling are consideration, risk, and a prize (Alcohol).
The concept of gambling has evolved to encompass more than just the placing of bets on events or outcomes with a financial reward. It has also come to include other forms of risk-taking that have been socially sanctioned, such as insurance and lottery games. Many of these activities share the same underlying processes as gambling and contribute to problem gambling.
While some people engage in risk-taking for the thrill of it, others do so as a way to satisfy an unmet need for self-esteem or belonging. Often, these need-satisfying activities are used as an escape from stressful life experiences. However, in the long term, they usually serve to create more problems than they solve.
Although the concept of gambling has been around since antiquity, it has grown rapidly in popularity and is now practiced worldwide in a variety of ways. It is a multibillion-dollar industry, and it influences society in many ways. For example, it contributes to a culture that puts an inordinate emphasis on wealth and profits. It can also contribute to the development of an addictive personality, because gamblers tend to be impulsive and lack self-control.
Psychologists have become increasingly concerned that as access to gambling increases, the numbers of people who develop problem gambling will rise as well. They point out that younger people, particularly boys and men, are the most susceptible to developing a gambling disorder. They are also the most likely to participate in the newest form of gambling, which involves sports betting and video game-based gambling.
Some people are predisposed to gambling problems because of a family history of the behavior, and some because of their own personal experience. In addition, some individuals have a heightened sensitivity to the risk of losing money or possessions. These individuals are called pathological gamblers. Traditionally, they have been viewed as having psychological problems rather than an addiction.
In recent years, the understanding of the adverse consequences of excessive gambling has undergone a shift, similar to that of the development of the view of alcoholism as an addiction. As a result, some mental health professionals have begun to evaluate their patients for gambling problems.
The nomenclature that accompanies this change is somewhat confusing, because research scientists, psychiatrists and other treatment care clinicians, and public policy makers frame their discussions of gambling in a wide range of paradigms or world views. Thus, it is difficult to find common ground on which to discuss the issue of whether gambling is an addiction. Some of the different perspectives include recreational interest, diminished mathematical skills, poor judgment, cognitive distortions, mental illness, moral turpitude, and other factors.